Sun Poisoning happens when the UV radiation of the sun inflames the skin. It is an extreme case of sunburn. The symptoms can start like a sunburn. Hence, if proper treatment is not met, then it can lead to severe symptoms.
1. Symptoms
Sunburn can happen even after 15 minutes or less of exposure to the sun. A longer time than this can cause severe sunburn. The short-term effects will show themselves for the next four to seven days. The long-term effects will be visible beyond the first week. The main sign is a Sunburn rash. It occurs when the skin turns red, dries, and peels off. It tends to be very itchy. Small bumps that appear like hives will also show if you have a Sunburn rash.
- Headache
- Fever
- Dizziness
- Confusion
- Vomiting
- Rapid breathing
- Fainting
- Dehydration
- Swelling
- Large blisters
Do not disregard the symptoms. Seek medical attention once you notice them. If not given medical attention, it can increase the risk of developing skin cancer.
2. Causes
Prolonged exposure to intense sunlight is the main cause of Sun poisoning. Some medicines and chemicals can also cause it. It is because they increase the sensitiveness of the skin. Other medical conditions can also result in it. While some get sensitive to the sun because of their genetics.
3. Risk Factors
Sun sickness is very common, especially during the summer months. Hence, it goes the same in sunny areas. People with a lighter skin tone are more prone to it. Their bodies do not produce enough melanin. Melanin is important in absorbing UV light. Those who live in northern climates are also prone. Their skin will react because they are not used to intense sunlight.
People with an existing condition are also more likely to have Sun Poisoning. They are those who have lupus and eczema. Some medicine can also increase the chances of having it. These include antibiotics, anti-acne, and antidepressants. Substances found in lotions and creams may also trigger it. A skin condition like dermatitis is associated with an increased chance of having it. Lastly, it is also genetic. Therefore, you can get it if you have a family member who has it.
4. Diagnosis
Doctors will likely look at the skin to diagnose sun poisoning. If this is not enough, they can use other tests. Hence, it may include UV testing. It is to determine how the skin reacts to different types of UV light. It will be useful in pointing out what sun allergy a patient has. They can also perform Photo patch testing. They do this to test if a substance triggers the allergy. Suspected triggers are applied directly to the skin. It is best in the back area. They will then introduce UV rays to the areas. The area that reacts is the substance that triggers it. Last is through blood tests. It is best to find out if underlying conditions cause sun allergy.
5. Treatment
If you notice signs, do not worry. There are a few treatments that you can try at home. Drink a lot of water. You can also take over-the-counter drugs to manage the pain. Apply a cold compress. Mix equal parts of milk and water. Leave this for 30-60 minutes. Repeat according to your needs to help soothe the skin. Aloe vera gel can also improve your condition. Use cold water when showering. Do not use bathing items that are scented. They may react negatively with your skin. Call your doctor if itching worsens. They may recommend medicines to ease it. Lastly, be sure to avoid the sun.
6. Prevention
The sun sickness cure starts with prevention. Therefore, take care of your skin by applying sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30. Wear this every day, especially if you go out. Reapply the sunscreen every two hours. Also, it is applicable if you are swimming. So, swimmers should stay away from direct sun exposure between 10 am and 2 pm.
The UV lights are harshest at this time. You can gradually increase your time outside to help the skin adapt to the sunlight. Protect your body and eyes too. Wear sunglasses with UV protection. Do not forget to wear protective clothing. Do not wear clothes with thin fabric. UV rays can pass through them. Avoid known triggers. If you notice some substances cause a reaction in your skin, avoid it. If possible, toss it away already.
